Photography credits
Photographers, original sources, open licences and clearly identified illustrations used across Madu River Safari.
Species photographs help identify animals and plants; some were taken outside Madu Ganga. River scenes may illustrate the wider wetland rather than a named island. Each credit below identifies the original photograph and its context.
Images are resized, converted or cropped for display. Adapted images retain their respective share-alike licences where required.
Visitors wearing life jackets on a boat ride through Madu Ganga mangroves; destination photograph, not the operator’s boat.
Original photograph: Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
Sunrise over Madu Ganga, photographed in 2019; visible sunrise is not guaranteed.
Original photograph: Madugangasunrise.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
Mangrove roots and waterways at Madu Ganga.
Original photograph: Maduganga Mangrove.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
Hanging mangrove roots over a quiet Madu Ganga channel.
Original photograph: Maduganga Mangrove1.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
Kothduwa Island temple viewed from the water.
Original photograph: Kothduwa Island in Madu Ganga.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
A local paddler in an outrigger canoe on Madu Ganga; destination life, not a safari vessel.
Original photograph: Maduganga2.jpg
Resized, compressed and cropped for website display. Adaptations retain the corresponding CC BY-SA licence.
Red flowers and leaves of Lumnitzera littorea, photographed in Tonga. Educational species photograph, not a Madu River location photograph. Unmodified file; cropped only for display.
Original photograph: Lumnitzera littorea.jpg
Resized and cropped for website display.
White-throated kingfisher photographed at Maramba Lake near Galle, Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: White-throated kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis) Galle.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Little cormorant photographed in Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Little Cormorant (Microcarbo niger), Sri Lanka.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Indian pond heron photographed at Kirala Kele Sanctuary near Matara, Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Indian pond heron (Ardeola grayii) non breeding.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Wild Asian water monitor photographed near Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Varanus salvator - 01.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Purple-faced langur photographed in Sinharaja Forest near Viharahena, Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Purple-faced langur (Semnopithecus vetulus vetulus) head.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Indian flying foxes photographed at the Botanical Garden of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Botanical Garden of Peradeniya 07.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Rhizophora apiculata in Sarawak, Malaysia; an illustrative species photograph, not a photograph from Madu River.
Original photograph: Tall-stilt Mangroves (Rhizophora apiculata) (15851577945).jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Flowers and leaves of Bruguiera gymnorhiza in Okinawa, Japan; an illustrative species photograph.
Original photograph: Bruguiera-gymnorhiza Flower.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Sonneratia caseolaris flower buds photographed in Kannur, India; an illustrative species photograph, not a Madu River location photograph.
Original photograph: Sonneratia caseolaris in Kannur.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Traditional cinnamon-bark preparation on Galman Duwa, Madu Ganga, photographed in February 2026. This photograph does not identify a contracted operator or guarantee a particular visit.
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
A Madu Ganga fish-farm landscape from an archival photograph uploaded in 2011; current visitor facilities may differ.
Original photograph: Fish farm - Madu Ganga - panoramio.jpg
Resized and converted to WebP; cropped for card display. Adaptations retain the source licence.
Illustrative species photograph — Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka. Not photographed at Madu River.
Source location: Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka
Original photograph: Pied Kingfishers in Bundala.jpg
Resized to display widths and converted to WebP; the website may crop the image within a card.
Illustrative species photograph — Fogg Dam, Northern Territory, Australia. Not photographed at Madu River.
Source location: Fogg Dam, Middle Point, Northern Territory, Australia
Original photograph: Little Egret.6.jpg
Resized to display widths and converted to WebP; the website may crop the image within a card.
Illustrative species photograph — Gal Oya Reservoir (Senanayake Samudraya), Sri Lanka. Not photographed at Madu River.
Source location: Gal Oya Reservoir (Senanayake Samudraya), Sri Lanka
Original photograph: Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus indus).jpg
Resized to display widths and converted to WebP; the website may crop the image within a card.
Gin Pol (Nypa fruticans), photographed in Sarawak, Malaysia. An illustrative species photograph.
Source location: Sungai Santubong, north of Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
Original photograph: Nipah Palms (Nypa fruticans) (15843015791).jpg
Wikimedia 1280-pixel thumbnail converted to WebP, plus a 640-pixel derivative; original composition retained. No semantic image changes.
Illustrative saltwater crocodile photograph taken at Mein-ma-hla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar; not photographed at Madu River.
Source location: Mein-ma-hla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar
Resized to 1280px and 640px widths and converted to WebP; the website may crop within the image frame.
A sheltered green stretch of Madu Ganga, photographed in 2011. Wider Madu Ganga habitat context; the photograph does not identify Naiduwa Island.
Source location: Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka; specific island not identified
Original photograph: Madu Ganga.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
A local paddler on Madu Ganga, photographed in 2011. Wider Madu Ganga river-life context; the photograph does not identify Maduwa Island.
Source location: Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka; specific island not identified
Original photograph: Maduganga3.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
Open water and wooded banks on Madu Ganga, photographed in 2011.
Source location: Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka; individual islands not identified
Original photograph: Maduganga4.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
A floating shop on Madu Ganga, photographed in 2011; present facilities may differ.
Source location: Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka; specific operator and island not identified
Original photograph: Maduganga5.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
The Maduganga estuary mouth, photographed from a boat; the sandbar and water conditions change.
Source location: Mouth of the Maduganga estuary, Sri Lanka
Original photograph: Mouth of the Maduganga estuary, Sri Lanka.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
Kothduwa Temple seen across Madu Ganga, photographed in 2015.
Source location: Kothduwa Temple, Madu Ganga, Sri Lanka
Original photograph: Kothduwa Temple, Sri Lanka 2015 (Unsplash).jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
A fisherman on Madu River, Sri Lanka.
Source location: Madu River, Sri Lanka; specific island not identified
Original photograph: Fisherman in Maddu River - Sri Lanka.jpg
Resized to 1280- and 640-pixel display widths and converted to WebP; original composition retained. The site may crop within a card. CC BY-SA adaptations retain their source licence.
Passenger boats moored beside mangroves at Balapitiya, Sri Lanka, photographed in June 2011. Contextual destination photograph.
Source location: Balapitiya, Sri Lanka
Original photograph: Boats lined up (7567746176).jpg
Resized to 1280px and 640px widths and converted to WebP; the website may crop within an image frame.
AI-generated illustration created for the corporate and group safari package. Guests in life jackets travel in several small boats through an imagined Sri Lankan estuary. This is not a documentary photograph of Madu River Safari’s actual fleet, staff or customers.
Generated as an original illustration, resized and compressed to WebP; frames may crop the edges.